written by Dr Rebecca MacMillan BVetMed BSAVA PGCertSAM MRCVS
We all want to do what’s best for our feline family members, and regular grooming is an essential part of this. Cats spend a lot of time self-grooming, but pet parents will also need to step in and lend a helping hand. But this is where questions creep in, like how often do I need to brush my cat, how can I improve my cat’s coat condition, and why is toothbrushing so important?
This comprehensive guide will take a close look at these commonly asked grooming questions, providing you with vet-approved information. Read on to find out more!
Coat care and brushing for cats
Let’s explore some of commonly asked questions –
How often do I need to brush my cat?
Brushing is an important part of your cat’s grooming routine. Brushing will remove dead hair, improve coat condition, and reduce the risk of hairballs. However, there are differences between brushing long-haired cats and short-haired ones –
Grooming long-haired cats
Long-haired cats are prone to tangles, which can lead to uncomfortable mats. Many long-haired cats will need brushing every day to keep things in check.
To groom a long-haired cat, you will need a variety of tools –
● A slicker brush – to help brush out surface tangles
● An undercoat comb – to brush deeper into the coat
● A wide-tooth comb – useful for teasing out any developing tangles
Start with the top layer of your cat’s coat and then work your way deeper into the undercoat. Remember to keep grooming sessions short and positive, with plenty of praise or a treat. It’s best to do this when it’s quiet and calm, and you have plenty of time to gently work your way through your pet’s coat.
Short-haired cats may not be quite so prone to knots or tangles, but regular brushing is still essential. Most short-haired cats should be brushed once a week. Try using a slicker brush or a soft-bristled brush. Both will remove dead hairs and help spread your cat’s natural oils throughout their coat.
How do I manage a cat that hates being brushed?
Whether long-haired or short-haired, it is important that your cat doesn’t become stressed during their brushing sessions. The best way to do this is to introduce regular brushing from an early age. Keeping sessions short and positive can also help, so remember treats and plenty of calming reassurance.
A grooming mitt or glove can work well for some cats, particularly when you first introduce your pet to brushing. They may even be enough on their own for many short-haired cats.
We recognise that some cats can be a challenge to brush, and, despite your best efforts, they may develop mats. If this is the case, speak to a professional groomer or your vet for advice. Regular clipping may be the best way to deal with this.
How can I improve my cat’s coat condition?
Brushing your cat regularly is one of the best things you can do to help their coat look its best. Brushing removes dead fur and distributes your cat’s natural oils.
Nutrition is also important, so make sure your cat is on a good-quality food that is appropriate for their life stage. Feeding the correct amount is essential as overweight cats can struggle to reach their entire body for self-grooming. This leads to more dander and dead fur in their coat. Some cats may benefit from a diet that is supplemented with omega-3 fatty acids, which can promote healthy skin and coat condition.
Regular anti-parasite treatment will also help your cat’s skin and coat remain healthy, especially if your cat suffers from flea allergic dermatitis (FAD). Always use a vet-approved product.
My cat’s coat doesn’t look great… when should I take them to the vet?
As well as being good for coat maintenance, regular grooming allows you to give your pet the once over. If you notice that your cat has any of the following symptoms, then a trip to the vets is recommended –
● Persistent increased scurf or dander
● Hair loss or coat thinning
● Excessive scratching or overgrooming
● Inflamed skin
● Scabs or skin sores
● Skin lumps or bumps
Your vet will be able to diagnose any underlying issues such as parasites, allergies, or fungal infections, which may require specific treatment to resolve. It’s important that you administer any prescribed medication as instructed and attend any follow-up appointments. The sooner a problem is dealt with, the sooner your cat will be back to their usual, comfortable self.
Do I need to bathe my cat and if so, how?
Most cats will never need bathing, which is good news as they often hate water! However, if you have a hairless cat breed, a cat with a medical condition, or a cat that has got themselves in a dirty or sticky situation, then a wash might be needed. If it’s safe to do so, you can try this yourself, or you may prefer to contact a professional groomer for help.
How to bathe a cat –
- Prepare – Gather supplies like a cat-specific shampoo, towels, a small pitcher, a sponge, a non-slip bathmat, and some treats.
- Reassure your cat – provide your cat with gentle reassurance and treats while you get them comfortable in the bathtub. Make sure they are stood on a non-slip bathmat, as shiny wet surfaces could cause panic.
- Use lukewarm water – make sure the water is not too hot or too cold; aim for lukewarm. Don’t allow the water to get too, deep, a few inches is usually enough. Using a small cup or pitcher, or a damp sponge, thoroughly wet your cat but avoid their face and ears. Alternatively, some cats may tolerate being gently washed by a handheld shower attachment.
- Lather and rinse – lather in your cat shampoo and then rinse thoroughly to remove all the soap suds. Never be tempted to use a human shampoo or dish soap as these may be too harsh for your cat’s skin. Praise your cat with treats throughout.
- Dry your cat – Use a towel to gently pat your cat dry. It is usually fine to allow your cat to air dry, though some may tolerate a hair dryer on a low setting.
Due to their oily skin and tendency for secondary skin infections, hairless cat breeds like the Sphynx will need bathing regularly, so it’s important they feel comfortable with the process. Keep bathing experiences calm, short, and positive. Or use the wipe for a quick fix when appropriate
Other grooming advice
Grooming isn’t just limited to your cat’s coat! Here are a couple of other areas that owners have questions about -
When should I cut my cat's nails?
Most cats will take care of their own claws. A young, active cat is unlikely to need their claws trimmed, with scratch posts or mats being enough to keep things in good order. They also need those sharp claws for activities like climbing.
However, the following felines may need their claws cutting every so often –
● Elderly cats – these cats may be less active, and issues like arthritis can affect scratching behaviour. Many senior cats develop very thickened claws which are prone to overgrowing.
● Indoor cats – Indoor cats tend to be less active and have less climbing and scratching opportunities. Soft furnishings and carpets also mean their claws don’t wear down so easily.
● Health issues - Cats with extra toes, or any other abnormal foot anatomy, may be prone to claw overgrowth. Arthritis and other health conditions that affect a cat’s mobility may also mean nails need regular trimming.
If you can hear your cat’s claws tapping against the floor, their claws are getting stuck in soft furnishings, or if their nails look visibly long while your cat is relaxed, then they probably need a trim.
You can either do this yourself at home, take your cat to a groomer, or ask your veterinary team to help.
Do I need to brush my cat’s teeth?
The short answer is yes! Oral hygiene is an important part of your cat’s grooming routine. Studies show that periodontal disease is the most common health issue identified in cats, and it can have a negative impact on their overall health.
Daily tooth brushing can significantly help to reduce this risk. You should try to introduce this from an early age, but with the right approach, it’s never too late to start. However, if your cat has bad breath, excess tartar, or inflamed gums, then a vet check is advised before you start toothbrushing in case they require professional dental treatment first.
As with other aspects of grooming, a gentle and steady approach to toothbrushing in cats is recommended. Use a pet-specific toothpaste and small soft-bristled brush, alongside plenty of reassurance. If your cat seems distressed, then stop and try again later or the next day.
Summary
Regular grooming is an essential part of your cat’s care. All cats will need daily toothbrushing, but other parts of their routine may depend on coat type, age and underlying health conditions. Hopefully our guide has covered most of the basics, but don’t forget your vet is always on hand for any questions you may have.
Establishing a good grooming regime will help to keep your cat comfortable, healthy, and looking their very best for many years to come!