By Dr. Rebecca MacMillan BVetMed BSAVA PGCertSAM MRCVS
Adopting a dog is exciting, but there can be a few unknowns to contend with, especially if this is your first time. While your chosen animal shelter should be there to support you, it’s always worth doing a bit of research. There are some key phases that most dogs will go through when joining a new family, plus many practical things that you can do to make this process go more smoothly.
That’s why we’ve put together this guide. We’ve covered all the basics so that you can feel more confident when welcoming your new dog into your home.
Overview Of The 3-3-3 Rule For Rescue Dogs
How long does it take a new dog to adjust to its new home?
Most dogs go through something know as the 3-3-3 rule. This rule describes the first 3 days, 3 weeks, and 3 months of owning a new rescue dog. Of course, each dog is an individual, and they will all have different life experiences before arriving in their forever home. The following gives a very good guide as to what to expect, but your dog may go through the different phases at a slightly different rate.
The first 3 days – the introductory period
This is when your dog is first introduced to your family and your home. During this time your dog could be a bit anxious by the sudden change, especially if they have been in a shelter awhile. Let your dog explore their surroundings and come to you in their own time. Speak to them in quiet reassuring tones and try to keep external visitors to a minimum, so that they are not overwhelmed.
The first 3 weeks – settling in
Your dog should start to feel more confident during this time, although they might still be a bit subdued. Sticking to a consistent daily routine will help your dog start to anticipate things like mealtimes and walks. It is important to start as you mean to go on and implement some basic training during this time. If your dog knows what is expected of him it will help him to feel even more secure.
The first 3 months – the bonding period
Most dogs become bolder during this time, and you may start to see their true personality coming through. They have learned to feel safe in your company and understand the basic household rules. It is important to spend plenty of time continuing to get to know one another during this time through play, walks, grooming, and training.
How can I help my dog adjust to his new home?
Good question! There are lots of things you can do to make the settling-in process go more smoothly. These include –
Curbing your enthusiasm
While it can be tempting to greet your new dog with squeals and high-pitched baby voices, low, reassuring tones are best. Over-the-top attention might not be welcomed when your dog is first settling in. It is best to let your dog come to you, gently praising and offering him treats when he does.
Establishing a routine
As mentioned earlier, a routine will help your dog to feel secure. If he knows roughly when to expect his meals, walks and play time then he will adjust much quicker to his new home.
Managing introductions
Introductions to family members must be done in a controlled and positive manner, especially if young children or other pets are involved. Don’t rush things as nervous dogs can behave unpredictably if they feel cornered. You must also try and limit visitors to your home until your dog is comfortable in their surroundings. Lots of new people coming and going can be stressful during the settling in period.
Dog-proofing your home
Keep your new pet safe by zoning off a dog-friendly area of the house. Your dog could have a chewing habit you don’t yet know about or a very waggy tail that knocks valuables over! Always keep toxic chemicals, medications and food items well out of reach. Stair gates can be useful to section areas of the house, or if you’d rather keep your dog downstairs. Also don’t forget to check your yard is securely fenced to stop any escape attempts.
Setting up a comfy bed area
A cozy bed, basket or crate in a quiet area of the house is essential. This should be your dog’s safe space. Small children should be discouraged from playing here and if your dog is sleeping then he should be left undisturbed.
Using calming pheromones
The dog-appeasing pheromone triggers a calming response in puppies when feeding from their mother. Mother dogs produce this to help their puppies feel secure. You can purchase products that replicate this effect in adult dogs. These are available as plug-in diffusers, sprays, or impregnated collars and could help your dog to settle in more smoothly.
Registering with a vet
Make sure to register with a vet straight away. Your dog might require urgent veterinary treatment, especially in an emergency. You should aim to take your dog for a routine check over with your vet within a week or so to make sure that all is well and to discuss ongoing preventative care such as anti-parasite treatment and vaccinations.
Your rescue shelter should be able to give you an indication as to your dog’s training requirements. They may also let you know whether he has any phobias or guarding issues that might need attention. You should keep any training sessions positive and consistent and never punish your dog. Don’t be afraid to seek help from the rescue center, a professional dog trainer, or a qualified pet behaviorist if you need it.
Summary
Most adopted dogs settle into their homes quickly, with the right support from their owners. Patient, reassuring handling is required in the early days, as well as a consistent routine. You will soon start to see your dog increase in confidence. If you need help during the settling-in period don’t hesitate to speak to your shelter or your vet for advice.
